|
IÀ½hoYnIfnÂ
]cnip²nbpsS \ndhmbn kIe a\pjyÀ¡pw Xsâ
lrZbIqSmc¯nenSw \ÂIn ip{iqjn¨ amÀ tXmakv
IpcymfticnbpsS 85þmw NcahmÀjnIw Pq¬ cWvSn\v
BNcn¡s¸Sp¶p. tIcfk`bv¡pw {]tXyIn¨v,
N§\mticn¡pw AXnep]cn ]nXmhn\m Øm]nXamb
hnip²IpÀ_m\bpsS Bcm[\k\ymkn\o kaql¯n\pw CXv
Ir]mhc¯nsâ A\ÀL\nanjw.
Ncn{X¯n krjvSn]cXbpsS \qengIÄ ]mIn IS¶pt]mb
]pWyPohnX¯nsâ ]p\Àhmb\bmWv hmÀjnImtLmj§Ä¡v
\ndw ]IcpI. hnip² IpÀ_m\bn thcpd¸n¨,
Bgamb BßobXbnÂ, ssZhamXmhnsâ ssI]nSn¨v,
hn\bt¯msS t{]jnX taJebpsS hnimeXbnte¡p \S¶pIbdn
F§pw ZnhyImcpWyZo]w sImfp¯nb CXnlmkam\apÅ
Hcp hyànbmWv ssZhZmk³ amÀ tXmakv Ipcymfticn.
ssZh¯nsâ ssIsbm¸v lrZb¯nteäphm§nb
hnip² P·w. Úm\kv\m\¯n e`n¨
Ir]mhcw Xms\mcn¡epw \jvSs¸Sp¯nbn«nsöp
]dbm³ am{Xw hnizkvXambncp¶p B PohnXw. Xn·bpsS
aSn¯«nte¡p NmªWbp¶hÀ¡p
]nXmhnsâ PohnXw Hcp ]p\cmtemN\bpsS, Xncp¯ensâ
]mTimebmIp¶p.
1873 P\phcn 14þ\v Ipcymfticn Nmt¡m¨³þA¡½
Z¼XnIfpsS Bdmas¯ k´m\ambn«mWv tXmam¨³
P\n¡p¶Xv. amXm]nXm¡·mcpsS ss{IkvXh
in£Whpw ]nXrhy\mb tXmam¨sâ \nÀt±tim]tZi§fpw
ssZh¯nsâbpw a\pjycpsSbpw ap¼n {]oX\mb
Hcp a\pjys\ IpªptXmam¨\n cq]s¸Sp¯phm³
klmbIambn. PohnX¯nsâ \ShgnIfn ImWp¶Xpw
tIÄ¡p¶XpsaÃmw D°nXsâ Pohkm¶n[yambn
AhÀ Xncn¨dnªp.
Hcn¡Â bmt¡m_mb sa{Xm\mb Ubt\jykv ]dªp:
""]p©ncntbmSpIqSnb apJw, FÃmhscbpw BIÀjn¡p¶
apJ`mhw, \njvIf¦amb a\Êv, Hcp Ime¯v Cu Ipªv
FÃmhcmepw Bcm[n¡s¸Sp¶ Hcp hyànbmbn¯ocpw''.
Cu temI¯nsâ ku`mKy§sfÃmw ss\anjnIamsW¶
Xncn¨dnhv ssZh¯n\pw klPohnIÄ¡pambpÅ
BßmÀ¸W¯nte¡mWv At±ls¯
\bn¨Xv. tdmanse s{]m{]Km´ tImfPnembncp¶p sshZnI]T\w.
klhnZymÀ°nIfpsSbnSbn {]kcn¸pÅ
bphmhv, sIm¨p]pWyhm³ F¶o t]cpIfn Adnbs¸«p.
s{]m¸Km´ sdIvSdmbncp¶ tUm. Iatkbn, tUm.sehoªv
Xncpta\n¡v FgpXnb Hcp I¯n C{]Imcw Ipdn¨p.
""Ipcymfticn tXm½m si½miv Xsâ
hym]mcw sImWvSpw t{ijvT·mtcmSpÅ A\pkcWw sImWvSpw
Hcp amemJ Bbncn¡p¶p. aebmf¯n \n¶pw
Cu s{]m¸Km´bn ]Tn¡p¶ buh\ØcpsS
Iq«¯n H¶ma\pw Bbncn¡p¶p.''
1899 tabv 27þ\v tdmanse skâv tPm¬ emäd³
tZhmeb¯n At±lw sshZnI]«w kzoIcn¨p.
XZhkc¯n ""12 hÀjw Ignbp¶Xn\p
ap¼v tXmam¨³ Hcp sa{Xm\mbn¯ocpw '' F¶
IÀ±n\mÄ Itk´mbpsS A\p{Kl hNkv ]n¶oSv
bmYmÀ°yambn. \m«n Xncns¨¯nb
Ipcymfticnb¨³ skâv _À¡pam³kv
t_mÀUnwKv sshkvsdIvSÀ, tN¶¦cn, Imhmew,
FSXz, N¼¡pfw CShIIfpsS hnImcn F¶o \neIfnÂ
tkh\a\pjvTn¨p. ZnhyImcpWy¯nte¡v FÃmhscbpw
B\bn¡pI, PohnX{]iv\§Ä¡pw thZ\IÄ¡pw
ZnhyImcpWyk¶n[nbn D¯cw IsWvS¯m³
Ahsc ]Tn¸n¡pI F¶nh A¨sâ {]hÀ¯\§fpsSsbÃmw
apJye£yambn.
Ime§fmbn a\Ên kq£n¨ hnip²
IpÀ_m\bpsS Bcm[\m k\ymkn\o kaqlsa¶ Znhykz]v\w
1908 Unkw_À F«n\v A¨sâ \nc´c
]cn{ia¯m k^eambn. Imens¯mgp¯nÂ
Bcw`n¨v ssZh]cn]me\bn hfÀ¶ Cu k\ymkn\o
kaql¯nsâ AwK§Ä C´ybpsS FÃm
kwØm\§fnepw temIw apgph\nepambn hym]n¨v ZnhyImcpWykvt\lw
]¦phbv¡p¶p.
1911 Unkw_À aq¶n\v AXyp¶X UetKäv ktekvIn
Xncpta\nbm Im³Unbn Ipcymfticn tXmam¨³
sa{Xm`njnà\mbn. "{InkvXphn FÃmw
\hoIcn¡pI' F¶ ap{ZmhmIyw kzoIcn¨psImWvSv Unkw_À
15þ\v ]nXmhv cq]Xm `cWtasäSp¯p.
Hcp P\XbpsS \thm°m\w hnZym`ymk¯neqsS IcKXamIpsa¶p
]nXmhv a\Ênem¡n. XÂ^eambn CShIIÄ tXmdpw
kvIqfpIÄ Øm]n¨v PmXnaXt`Zsat\y FÃmhÀ¡pw
hnZym`ymkw t\Sp¶Xn\pÅ Ahkcsamcp¡n. ""\Ã
hfÀ¯epw k·mÀ¤m\pkcWamb hnZym`ymkhpw
IqSmsX Ip«nIÄ Cl¯nemIs« ]c¯nemIs«
`mKyhm·mcmIpIbnÃ'' F¶v Xsâ {]t_m[\§fneqsS
amXm]nXm¡·msc HmÀ½n¸n¨p.
kvIqfpIfn aX]T\w, BZy shÅnbmgvN Ip¼kmcw,
IpÀ_m\ Ch \nÀ_Ôam¡n.
kmwkvImcnI ]ptcmKXn¡v kv{Xo hnZym`ymkw A\nhmcyamsW¶
Xncn¨dnhn s]¬]Ån¡qS§Ä
GÀs¸Sp¯n. `h\§sfbpw IcIsfbpw cmPy§sfbpw
\hoIcn¡pIbpw KpWoIcn¡pIbpw sN¿pI F¶
D¶XZÀi\t¯msSbpÅ amÀ tXmakv IpcymfticnbpsS
{]hÀ¯\§Ä Imes¯bpw AXnPohn¡p¶p.
cq]Xbnse hnhn[bnS§fnembn Øm]nXamb Cw¥ojvþaebmfw
kvIqfpIÄ, {]kn²amb N§\mticn Fkv._n. tImfPv,
hmg¸Ån skâv tXtckmkv s{Sbn\nwKv kvIqÄ
XpS§nbhsbÃmw ]nXmhnsâ A{im´ ]cn{ia¯nsâ
^e§fmWv.
APKW§fpsS kmaqlnIamb D¶a\¯nepw ]nXmhv {i²sNep¯n.
Irjn, tdmUv XpS§n P\PohnXw kpKaam¡p¶ FÃm
taJeIfnepw At±lw CSs]«p. s\bv¯v, A¨Sn,
inev]hnZy XpS§nb sNdpInS hyhkmkb§Ä ]cnt]mjn¸n¨p.
IÀjI kamP§Ä Øm]n¨v P\§fpsS,
km¼¯nItijnsb hÀ²n¸n¨p. klIcWkwL§Ä¡pw
{]Npc{]Nmcw \evIn. aäpÅhcpsS {]bmk§fpsS ap¼nÂ
\nkwK\mbncn¡phm³ ]nXmhn\v Ignbpambncp¶nÃ.
Hcn¡Â \{kmWn Zo]nIbn ]nXmhns\¡pdn¨v
h¶ hmÀ¯ {it²bamWv. ""Xncpa\ÊpsImWvSv
`cWw ssItbä\mÄ apXÂ Xncpa\Ênse lrZb¯nsâ
Hmtcm Ne\hpw kapZmb¯nsâ \·bpw ta·bpw
Dt±in¨pÅXmbncp¶p. kmapZmbnI Imcy§Ä¡pthWvSn
kabtam [\tam hybw sN¿phm\t±lw bmsXmcp aSnbpw
ImWn¨ncp¶nÃ. a\pjycnÂ\n¶v {]Xn\µn
B{Kln¡msX \· {]hÀ¯n¡m\pÅ
k·t\m`mhw \½psS ]nXmhn khntijw {]tim`n¨ncp¶p
''.
14 hÀjs¯ cq]Xm `cW¯n\nSbn ssZhw `ctaev]n¨hÀ¡pthWvSn
AhcpsS Bßobhpw `uXnIhpamb Imcy§fn B Bßob
X\b³ Pm{KX ]qWvSv {]hÀ¯\ \ncX\mbn. 113 CSbteJ\§Ä
Xsâ a¡Ä¡pthWvSn AhnSp¶v FgpXn.
CtX¡pdn¨v ""N§\mticn cq]Xbnse kpdnbm\n
It¯men¡cpsS Bßob PohnXtaJesb {]_p²am¡nb
At±l¯nsâ {]t_m[\§Ä B ImeL«¯nÂ
apg§nb ssZhkzcambncp¶p'' F¶v A`nhµy ]uh¯nÂ
]nXmhv \S¯nb ]cmaÀiw amÀ tXmakv IpcymfticnbpsS
hnip²PohnX¯n\v ASnhcbnSp¶p.
]dªp XoÀ¡mt\m FgpXn¯oÀ¡mt\m
Bhm¯ \·bpw kvt\lhpw HmÀ½Ifpw \ÂIp¶
a\pjyXz¯nsâ Hc]qÀÆKmYm cN\bmWv ZnhyImcptWym]mk\bneqsS
hµyXmX³ km[nXam¡nbXv. ZnhyImcpWy¯nsâ
A]qÀÆ kar²amb Hcp hnfhmbncp¶p B hnip²
P·w. hnfhn \n¶v `£n¨v Xr]vXcmbhcpw,
B[ymßnI hcZm\ambn B PohnXs¯ kz´am¡nbhcpw
APKW§fpw FÃmänepap]cn ]nXmhv Xsâ kvt\l]cnemf\bnÂ
hfÀ¯n hepXm¡nb Bcm[\m k\ymkn\o kaqlhpw B
]mh\kvacWbv¡p ap¼n {]WmaaÀ¸n¨v
"X§fpsS hµyXmXs\ hnip²cpsS KW¯nÂ
tNÀ¡Wta'sb¶v a{´n¨v ZnhyImcpWy¯nsâ
Xncp\Sbn Im¯p\n¡p¶p.
|
|