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{]]©krjvSnsb¸änbpÅ ss__nÄ hnhcWw {it²bamWv. cq]clnXhpw iq\yhpambncp¶p {]]©w. ]Sn]SnbmbmWv ssZhw krjvSnIÀ½w \S¯p¶Xv. BZyw shfn¨hpw ]n¶oSv Ccp«pw DWvSmbn. Pew \ndªp\n¶ {]]©¯nÂ\n¶v BImihnXm\w cq]s¸«p. ]n¶oSv Icbpw ISepapWvSmbn. ISenÂ hnhn[ PohnIÄ \nehnÂh¶p. Ic`qanbnÂ kky§Ä, hr£eXmZnIÄ F¶nh apf¨phfÀ¶p. ]£nIfpw arK§fpw IcbnÂ P·wsImWvSp. Ahkm\w ssZhw a\pjys\ Xsâ Ombbnepw cq]¯nepw krjvSn¨p; ]pcpj\pw kv{Xobpambn krjvSn¨p. ssZhw BßKXw sNbvXp, FÃmw \¶mbncn¡p¶p; at\mlcambncn¡p¶p.
skâv AKÌn³ Xsâ BßIYbnÂ \nco£n¡p¶p: ""ssZhta, \o krjvSn¨ FÃm hkvXp¡sfbpw \o Xr¡¬]mÀ¯p. AXp hfsc \¶mbncp¶p. DWvSmIs«sb¶p ]dªpsImWvSv \o krjvSn¨ Hmtcm hkvXphpw \nsâ ZrjvSnbnÂ \ÃXmbncp¶p. \o krjvSn¨ hkvXp \ÃXmsW¶p \o IWvSXmbn Ggp {]mhiyw tcJs¸Sp¯nbn«pWvSv. F«mas¯ {]mhiyw tcJs¸Sp¯nbncn¡p¶XmIs«, \nsâ FÃm krjvSnIsfbpw \o IWvSp F¶mWv. At¸mÄ \o IWvSXv Ah \ÃXmsW¶p am{XaÃ, FÃmwIqSn Hcpan¨ptNcpt¼mÄ, \ÃsX¶p am{XaÃ, hfsc \ÃXmWv. FÃm kpµchkvXp¡fpsSbpw kz`mhamWnXv. ]e Ahbh§Ä IqSnt¨À¶p cq]oIrXamIp¶ Hcp ]qÀ®hkvXphnsâ Hmtcm Ahbhhpw kpµcamsW¦nÂ, ]qÀ®hkvXp kmItey\ IqSpXÂ kpµcambncn¡pw. Bhiy§Ä¡v ]qÀ®hkvXphnt\mSpÅ B\p]mXnIXbnemWv kuµcy¯nsâ ]qÀ®X AS§nbncn¡p¶Xv.''
ka{KXbnemWv kuµcyw. kuµcy¯nsâ k¯ \·bnemWv. AXpsImWvSv kuµcyw \· Xs¶bmWv. Cuizc\mWv ]qÀ®\·. At¸mÄ Cuizc³ kuµcyamWv. asäÃm \·bpw Cuizcsâ kuµcy¯nÂ ]¦p]äp¶p. ]qÀ®\·bpw kuµcyhpamb Cuizct\mSp tNÀ¶p \nev¡p¶X\pkcn¨mbncn¡pw aäpÅhbpsS \·bpw kuµcyhpw. \·bpw kuµcyhpw kzbw {]kcn¨psImWvSncn¡pw. ChbpsS A´co£¯nÂ IgnbpIbpw Ncn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶hsbÃmw kuµcy]qcnXamIpw.
{Ko¡pNn´I\mb t¹tämbpsS A`n{]mb¯nÂ Cu {]]©¯n\v cWvSp LSI§fpWvSv. H¶v amäanÃm¯ \nÀKpWhkvXp. cWvSv, hkvXphnÂ \n¶pÛhn¡p¶ KpW§Ä. kuµcyw, \·, kXyw XpS§nbhsb amäanÃm¯Xv F¶p IW¡m¡mw. F¶mÂ bYmÀ° hkvXp¡fpsS AYhm Bib§fpsS {]XnÑmb am{XamWv {]IrXnbnÂ \mw ImWp¶Xv.
]caamb \· ØnXn sN¿p¶Xv kn²m´]camb kXymt\zjW¯nepw a\\¯nepamsW¶mWv AcntÌm«nensâ A`n{]mbw. CXphgn am{Xta a\pjy³ ]qÀ®amb B\µw A\p`hn¡pIbpÅq. AXo{µnbamb A\p`hamWnXv. bYmÀ°¯nÂ kuµcymkzmZ\w \S¡p¶Xv Cu Xe¯nemWv.
FÃm KpW§fpsSbpw ]cak¯bmWv ssZhw F¶ A`n{]mbamWv tXmakv AIzo\mkn\pÅXv. kXyw, \·, kuµcyw XpS§nb KpW§Ä hyXykvX tXmXnepw Afhnepw hkvXp¡fnepw PohnIfnepw ImWp¶p. Cuizcsâ Cu KpWhntij§fnÂ krjvShkvXp¡Ä ]¦p]äpI am{XamWv sN¿p¶Xv.
Cu {]]©¯nÂ CuizcssNX\yw Xpfp¼n\nev¡p¶p. Cu ssNX\yamWv {]IrXnkuµcyw. bYmÀ°kuµcyw {]IrXnbnÂ {]Xn^en¸n¡s¸SpIbmWv. CXv Xncn¨dnªv BkzZn¡p¶Xn\pÅ tijn a\pjy\p am{Xw. {]IrXnbneqsS Cuizcs\ IsWvS¯m\pw A\p`hn¡m\pw Ignbpw. Ejnamcpw h\hmknIfmb Xm]kcpw {]IrXnsb D]mkn¨v CuizcssNX\y¯nÂ IgnªhcmWv.
{]IrXnkuµcy¯nsâ `mKamWv ]ZmÀ°§fpw PohPme§fpw. h\§fpw acp`qanIfpw CXnÂs¸Spw. Ip¶pIfpw aeaS¡pIfpw XmgvhcIfpw CXnsâ `mKamWv. sNdpAcphnIfpw \ZnIfpw XSmI§fpw ISepsaÃmw {]IrXnkuµcyw hÀ²n¸n¡p¶p. ]£nIfpw arK§fpw, aÕy§fpw CXcPohnIfpw {]IrXnsb IqSpXÂ ssNX\y]qcnXam¡p¶p. ]pÂs¡mSnbnepw aªpXpÅnbnepw {]IrXnkuµcyw ImWmw. ]q¯peªp\nev¡p¶ hr£§fpw sNSnIfpw {]IrXnsb ]qt´m«am¡p¶p. BImihnXm\hpw {Kl§fpw \£{X§fpsaÃmw {]IrXnsb AXnat\mlcam¡p¶p. agbpw aªpw shbnepw kpµcamb Zriy§ftÃ? I®pw sNhnbpw lrZbhpapÅhÀ¡v kuµcyat\zjn¨v asämcnS¯pw ]cXn\St¡WvSXnÃ. kuµcy¯nsâ kar²nbpw k¼¶Xbpw {]IrXn Xs¶bmWv.
{]IrXnbpw AXnsâ kuµcyhpw kwc£nt¡WvSXtÃ? a\pjy\p am{Xta {]IrXnsb kwc£n¡m³ ]äq. F¶mÂ a\pjy³ {]IrXnsb kwc£n¡p¶nsÃ¶p am{XaÃ, hncq]am¡p¶p. {]IrXnhn`h§fpsS AanXamb D]tbmKhpw NqjWhpw {]IrXn\mi¯n\p ImcWamIpw. B[p\nIhnIk\{]hÀ¯\§Ä {]IrXnkwc£W¯n\pXIp¶XmtWm? {]IrXn\miw Xs¶ kw`hn¡mhp¶ hnIk\{]hÀ¯\§tfmSp hnS]dbm³ X¿mdmIp¶nsÃ¦nÂ hcp¶ XeapdIÄ CXnsâ h³sISpXnIÄ A\p`hnt¡WvSnhcpw. imkv{XÚ·mcpsS {]hN\§Ä shdpw h\tcmZ\ambn amdp¶ kqN\bmWv ImWp¶Xv. kuµcyt_m[anÃm¯ XeapdbmWv cq]s¸«phcp¶Xv. {]IrXnsb \in¸n¡p¶ hn{Kl`RvPIcmWnhÀ.
\·bpw kXyhpamWv kuµcy¯nsâ k¯. AYhm kuµcyw kXyhpw \·bpamWv. ChbpsS BhnjvImcamWv Iebpw kmlnXyhpw. bYmÀ° kÀ¤{]Xn`IÄ¡p am{Xta kuµcyw BhnjvIcn¡m³ Ignbq. a\pjykwkvImc¯nsâ kw`mh\IfmWnh. bYmÀ°Iebpw kmlnXyhpw Imet`Z§Ä¡XoXamWv. Chsb A\izcam¡p¶Xv \·bpw kuµcyhpamWv. bYmÀ° \·bpw kuµcyhpw {]Imin¸n¡m¯ Iemcq]§fpw kmlnXyhpw ImetZi§sf AXnPohn¡pIbnÃ. hnImc§Ä¡p am{Xw hncpt¶Ip¶ Iebpw kmlnXyhpw hnkvacn¡s¸Spw. ¢mÊn¡Â Iemcq]§fpw kmlnXyhpw A\izcamIp¶Xv AhbpsS kuµcywsImWvSmWv. CuPn]vjy³, C´y³, {Ko¡v, tdma³ IeIÄ A\izc¢mkn¡Â Iemcq]§fmWv. ss__nfpw Jpdm\pw D]\nj¯pw `KhXvKoXbpw aX{KÙ§Ä am{XaÃ Ah kpµcamb kmlnXyIrXnIÄ IqSnbmWv. t¹täm, AcntÌm«nÂ, knktdm, UntamkvX\okv, anÂ«¬, tSmÄtÌmbn, tUmtÌmhvkvIn. cho{µ\mYSmtKmÀ apXÂt]cpsS IrXnIfnÂ \·bpw kXyhpw kuµcyhpw \ndªp\nev¡p¶p. BhnjvImckzmX{´y¯nsâ t]cnÂ ]S¨phnSp¶ Iemcq]§fpw kmlnXyIrXnIfpw sshcq]y¯nsâ AhXmc§fmWv. Ch a\pjysâ A[ahnImc§Ä¡p hncpt¶In kwXr]vXnbSbp¶p. Aev]mbpkmWnhbv¡pÅXv.
A\p]mX¯nemWv kuµcyw AS§nbncn¡p¶Xv. SmPvalensâ kuµcyw AXnsâ A\p]mX¯nemWv. hep¸hpw sNdp¸hpaÃ kuµcy¯nsâ am\ZÞw. {]kn² lnµpt£{X§fnse Iemcq]§fnÂ Cu A\p]mXw ZriyamWv. Ahsb kpµcam¡p¶Xv A\p]mXamWv. kmlnXyIrXnIÄ¡pw CXp _m[IamWv.
A\p]mXw am{XaÃ Hmtcm¶nsâbpw Øm\hpw kuµcy¯nsâ Ahn`mPyLSIamWv. ImÀIq´Â kv{XobpsS incknÂ at\mlcamWv. CXnsemcp apSn `£W]ZmÀ°¯nÂ DWvSmbmÂ AXv a\w]pc«pw; OÀ±ns¨¶pw hcpw. kv{XobpsS apJ¯v aoi apf¨mÂ sshcq]yw ZriyamIpw. CXv Ahsf DXvIWvTs¸Sp¯pw, AkzØbm¡pw. ]pcpjsâ apJ¯v aoi apfbvt¡WvS kab¯v aoi apfbv¡p¶nsÃ¦nÂ AXv AbmÄ¡p tNÀ¶XÃ.
kzm`mhnIX \jvSs¸Sp¯p¶ Ir{XnaXzw kuµcyapWvSm¡pIbnÃ. {]mbamIpt¼mÄ `qcn]£wt]cpsSbpw apSn \cbv¡pw. CXv {]mb¯nsâ, ]IzXbpsS kuµcyamWv. Nmbw tX¨v Idp¸n¡pt¼mÄ AXnÂ kuµcyw ImWm³ _p²nap«pWvSv. kzm`mhnI]pjv]§fpsS kuµcyw {]tXyIXbpÅXmWv. Ir{Xna]pjv]§Ä IemkrjvSn F¶ \nebnÂ at\mlcamWv. kzm`mhnI]pjv]¯nsâ kuµcyw Chbv¡nÃ. ]pjv]§Ä sNSnIfnepw hr£§fnepw Pohn¡pt¼mgmWv kpµcambncn¡p¶Xv. Ah Adps¯Sp¯v ]qs¨WvSpIfm¡pt¼mÄ AhbpsS kuµcyw \jvSs¸Sp¶p. ]pjv]§Ä Irjnbpw hyhkmbhpambt¸mÄ AhbpsS kuµcyw \jvSs¸«p. _mw¥qcnÂ \n¶p hcp¶ ]q¡Ä sI«pIW¡n\p hm§n AÄ¯mcIfnepw s]mXpthZnIfnepw \nt£]n¡p¶XnÂ kuµcyw ImWm³ Ignbp¶nÃ. Ch BtLmj§fpsS `mKw am{XamWv. ]qs¨WvSpIÄ ihicoc¯nepw {]XnjvTn¡mdpWvSsÃm.
kuµcyt_m[anÃm¯ kaqlw Ir{Xnaambn kuµcyapWvSm¡m\pÅ hy{KXbnemWv. hmkvXpinev]Iebnepw Ae¦mc§fnepw CXp ZriyamWv. icoc¯n\v AgIpWvSm¡m\pw hÀ²n¸n¡m\pw {i²n¡p¶hcpsS F®w hÀ²n¨phcp¶p. kv{XoIfnemWv Cu {`aw IqSpXÂ. ]«phkv{X§Ä [cn¡p¶Xpw B`cW§Ä AWnbp¶Xpw CXn\pthWvSnbmWv. _yq«n]mÀedpIÄ sshcq]yapÅhsc kpµc·mcpw kpµcnIfpam¡pw. saenª DSÂ kuµcye£WamsW¶mWv [mcW. icocw saenbm³ s]Sm¸mSps]Sp¶ kv{XoIfpWvSv. kuµcyw \ne\nÀ¯m\pw hÀ²n¸n¡m\pw kuµcyhÀ²IhkvXp¡Ä hn]WnbnÂ kpe`amWv. ChbpsS ]cky§Ä {]tem`n¸n¡p¶hbmWv. Cu {]tem`\¯nÂ s]Sm¯hÀ Npcp¡w.
kuµcyw hÀ²n¸n¡m\p]tbmKn¡p¶ amÀ¤amWv tImkvsaänIv kÀPdn. sNethdnbXmsW¦nepw Chbv¡p {]nbtadnhcp¶p. kv{XoIfpsS \nXw_hpw kvX\hpw aq¡psaÃmw Cu kÀPdn¡p hnt[bam¡p¶p. hSnshm¯ icocw krjvSn¡m\mWp {iaw. Cu kÀPdnbpsS ]mÀiz^e§Ä t]mepw {i²n¡msXbmWv CXn\p X¿mdmIp¶Xv. ssa¡nÄ PmIvk¬ ¹mÌnIv kÀPdn¡pw tImkvsaänIv kÀPdn¡pw hnt[b\mbncp¶p. Ir{Xnaambn kuµcyw krjvSn¡m\pÅ ]cn{iaamWnsXÃmw.
kpµcnbmIm³ hgnbpsWvS¦nÂ F´p sNehpw hln¡m³ C´y³ kv{XoIÄ¡v bmsXmcp aSnbpansÃ¶v dnt¸mÀ«v sN¿s¸Sp¶p. \mep ]«W§fnÂ F®qdp kv{XoIÄ¡nSbnÂ \S¯nb Hcp kÀtÆ shfns¸Sp¯p¶Xv 90 iXam\wt]cpw ]Ws¨ehp t\m¡msX kuµcykwc£W¯n\p {]mbs¯ sNdp¡m\papÅ amÀ¤§Ä ]co£n¡p¶hcmsW¶mWv. apwss_, UÂln, sImÂs¡m¯, sNss¶ F¶o \Kc§fnembncp¶p kÀtÆ. apwss_bnse kv{XoIÄ 61 iXam\w t]À kuµcy¯n\pthWvSn F{X ]Whpw apS¡m³ X¿mdmWv. UÂlnbnÂ 41 iXam\w t]À¡pw sNss¶bnÂ 31 iXam\w t]À¡pw kuµcy¯n\pthWvSn sNehp sN¿p¶XnÂ tem`sam¶panÃ. sImÂs¡m¯bv¡v \memw Øm\amWv. 18þ\pw 50þ\panSbv¡v {]mbapÅ kv{XoIfnÂ `qcn]£¯nsâbpw A`n{]mbw kuµcy¯nsâ Imcy¯nÂ {]mbw am\ZÞasÃ¶s{X. 50 iXam\w t]cpw NÀ½kwc£W¯n\v kpKÔ{Zhy§Ä D]tbmKn¡p¶hcmWv. {]mbw tXm¶mXncn¡m³ NÀ½Im´n kwc£n¡p¶XmWp¯asa¶hÀ IcpXp¶p.
kÀtÆbnse 73 iXam\w t]cpw sNdp¸amIm³ B[p\nIkuµcykwc£WamÀ¤§Ä D]tbmKn¡p¶hcmWv. CXphgn hbÊp Imcyambn Ipdbv¡msa¶nhÀ hnizkn¡p¶p. kuµcys¯¡pdn¨pÅ kaql¯nsâ ImgvN¸mSv amdns¡mWvSncn¡p¶p. apJtim`bpw icochSnhpsam¯ kn\namXmc§sfbmWv ]ecpw amXrIbm¡p¶Xv. bYmÀ° kuµcysas´¶v At\zjn¡msX ]pdw]q¨nÂ kuµcyw tXSp¶hcmWnhÀ. tZiob A´Àt±iob kuµcyaÕc§Ä¡v am[ya§Ä {]m[m\yw \ÂIp¶pWvSv. ChsbÃmw kuµcyw At\zjn¡p¶hÀ¡v {]tNmZ\amIp¶p. D]t`mKkwkvImc¯nsâ ]cnWX^eamWnhsbÃmw.
AgIpÅ N¡bnÂ NpfbnsÃs¶mcp ]gsamgnbpWvSv. AgIv _mlyamWv. kuµcyw ]pdwtamSnbnÂ am{XaÃ ØnXn sN¿p¶Xv. ka{KXbnemWv kuµcyw. ss__nÄ \s½ HmÀ½n¸n¡p¶p:
""kuIpamcyw h©\\ndªXpw kuµcyw hyÀ°hpamWv; F¶mÂ ssZh`ànbpÅ kv{Xo {]iwkbÀln¡p¶p.'' (kp`mjnXw 31, 30). {InkvXphnsâ kuµcyw _mlyambncp¶nÃ. ssZhIr] \ndªhs\¸än Gi¿m {]hNn¡p¶Xp {i²n¡q: ""{i²mÀlamb cq]`wKntbm Kmw`ocytam BIÀjIamb kuµcytam Ah\pWvSmbncp¶nÃ. Ah³ a\pjycmÂ \nµn¡s¸SpIbpw Dt]£n¡s¸SpIbpw sNbvXp. Ah³ thZ\bpw Zp:Jhpw \ndªh\mbncp¶p. Ahs\ IWvShÀ apJwXncn¨pIfªp.'' (Gi¿ 53: 2þ3). ]t{Xmkv Çolm `mcyamsc DZvt_m[n¸n¡p¶p: ""apSn ]n¶p¶tXm kzÀ®w AWnbp¶tXm tamSnbmbn hkv{Xw [cn¡p¶tXm t]mse _mlyambncn¡cpXv \n§fpsS `qjWw. {]XypX, kuayhpw im´hpamb Bßmhv F¶ A£bamb `qjWt¯mSpIqSnb lrZb¯nsâ \nKqVa\pjy³ Bbncn¡Ww \n§fpsS Ae¦mcw. CXmIp¶p, ssZhk¶n[nbnÂ Gähpw hnebpÅXv. C§s\bmbncp¶p ]WvSv ssZh¯nÂ {]Xo£bÀ¸n¨ncp¶ hnip²kv{XoIÄ X§fpsS `À¯m¡·mÀ¡p hnt[bcmbn kzbw Ae¦cn¨ncp¶Xv'' (1 ]t{Xmkv 3: 3þ6).
]pcpj·mcpw kuµcyhÀ²I{]hr¯nIfnÂ ]n¶m¡aÃ. Ir{XnaapSn [cn¨pw \c¨apSn Idp¸n¨pw NÀ½w kwc£n¨pw ]pcpj·mÀ bphXzw \ne\nÀ¯m³ ]cn{ian¡p¶p. kzm`mhnIXbnemWp kuµcyw. almßmKmÔnsb Ir{XnaapSn AWnbn¨pw ]Ãph¨pw B[p\nIhkv{X§Ä [cn¸n¨pw Nn{XoIcn¨mÂ kuµcyamtWm sshcq]yamtWm ImWnIfnÂ Dfhm¡pI? CXv Hcp Xcw Im]SyamWv.
{InkvXphnsâ A½bmb I\yImadnbw kuµcy¯nsâ aqÀ¯naZv`mhambncp¶p. ss__nfnse adnbs¯¸änbpÅ Nn{XoIcWw sI.]n. A¸³ kw{Kln¡p¶p: ""kv{XoIfnÂ ]cakpµcn F¶pw ssaem©n¸q¦pe F¶pw D¯aKoXw ]dbpt¼mÄ \mw I\yImadnbs¯ HmÀ¡p¶p.
AÃtbm Pdqktew ]p{Xnamtc, Rm³ tIZmdnse IqSmc§Ät]msebpw tkmfasâ XncioeIÄ t]msebpw AgIpähÄ F¶p hmbn¡pt¼mÄ adnbw \½psS `mh\bnÂ IS¶phcp¶p. se_t\m\nsâ kpKÔwt]mse aWapÅ hkv{Xw [cn¨hÄ F¶p ImWpt¼mÄ \mw hnip² amXmhns\ HmÀ¡p¶p. CsXÃmw adnbs¯¡pdn¨pÅ clky`mjbmbncp¶psh¶v B[ymßnI`mh\ Xncn¨dnbp¶p. shfn]mSp]pkvXI¯nse {`amßIamb BJym\¯nsâ, kqcys\ DSbmSbm¡nbhfpw N{µs\ ]mZ]oTam¡nbhfpamb kv{Xo F¶p hmbn¡pt¼mÄ AXp adnbs¯¡pdn¨pÅ ]nÂ¡meZÀi\amsW¶pw \mw a\Ênem¡p¶p.
a[pcw F¶ hm¡v hnip² adnb¯nsâ PohnXhpambn _Ôs¸«ncn¡p¶p. I\ymadnb¯nsâ \nkvXpeXbmWv B PohnXs¯ a[pcn¡p¶Xm¡n¯oÀ¡p¶Xv. adnbw Xocpam\§fnÂ [ocbmbncp¶p. ZoÀLZrjvSnbpÅhfpambncp¶p. k·mÀ¤\ncXbmbncp¶p. ImcpWyapÅhfmbncp¶p... C\n apXÂ FÃm Xeapdbpw Fs¶ A\pKrloX F¶p hnfn¡pw F¶p kzbw ]dªt¸mÄ Xsâ PohnX¯nsâ am[pcys¯ adnbw hnNmc§fnÂ cpNnt\m¡pIbmbncp¶p'' (sI.]n. A¸³ þ a[pcw Fsâ PohnXw).
adnb¯nsâ kuµcyw _mlyambncp¶nÃ. \·\ndªhfmbXpsImWvSmWv AhÄ kpµcnbmbXv, AhfpsS PohnXw a[pcambXv, AhÄ kv{XoIfnÂ A\p{KloXbmbXv. lrZbip²nbÃm¯ _mlytamSn Im]SyamWv. sshcq]yamWv. B´cnIkuµcyw ImWm\pÅ I®pw BkzZn¡m\pÅ lrZbhpw \ap¡pWvSmIWw. At¸mÄ PohnXw a[pcamIpw.