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lnµp¡fpsS
ASnØm\aX{KÙamb thZ§fpw {InkvXym\nIfpsS
ASnØm\aX{KÙamb ss__nfpw X½nÂ
{]ISamb ]e kmay§fpw DWvSv. thZ§sfÃmw
Ejnt{]mà§fmWv. knÔp\ZoXSXoc¯v
D{KX]Êv A\pjvTn¨ncp¶ `mcXob EjnamÀ¡v
Cuizc\nÂ\n¶p e`n¨ Úm\amWv thZ§fmbn
FgpXs¸«Xv. thZ§Ä \mse®apWvSv.
AXn BZyt¯Xmb EtKzZw _n.kn. 1500þ1000
 FgpXs¸«p. aäp thZ§sfÃmw
_n.kn. 1500þ800 ImeL«¯n FgpXs¸«p.
GXmWvSv AtX Ime¯pXs¶bmWv thZ]pkvXI¯nse
BZy{KÙ§fmb ]©{KÙn F¶p hnfn¡p¶
A©p]pkvXI§Ä tamibpw FgpXnbXv. EtKzZ¯n\p
tijw FgpXs¸« thZ§Ä bPqÀthZw,
kmathZw, AYÀhthZw F¶nhbmWv. thZ§Äs¡Ãmw
s]mXphmb \mep khntijXIÄ DWvSv. Ah A\mZn, \nXy,
A]ucptjb, kzXl {]amWw F¶nhbmWv.
1. A\mZn
thZ§sfÃmw A\mZnImew apXte Cuizct\mSp IqSnbmbncp¶p.
L«wL«ambn Ah a\pjy\p shfns¸Sp¯ns¡mSp¯p
F¶p am{Xw. AXpsImWvSv thZ§Äs¡Ãmw
Htc ]g¡amWpÅXv. EtKzZw BZyw shfns¸Sp¯s¸s«¶p
am{Xw. AXpsImWvSXn\v aäp thZ§sf At]£n¨v
{]nb¡qSpXÂ H¶pw CÃ.
2. \nXy
thZ§fn AS§nbncn¡p¶ hkvXpXIÄ
\nXykXy§fmWv. Ime¸g¡wsImWvSv
Ahbv¡v tXbvam\w kw`hn¡p¶nÃ. thZ§Ä
FgpXs¸« Ime¯v Ah {]kà§fmbncp¶p.
C¶pw {]kà§fmWv. C\nbpw F{X Bbncw hÀjw
Ignªmepw Ah {]kà§fmbncn¡pw.
3. A]ucptjb
Cuizc\mWv, a\pjy\à thZ§fpsS IÀ¯mhv.
a\pjy³ Ah FgpXnsb¶p am{Xw. Cuizc³ shfns¸Sp¯ns¡mSp¯Xv
a\pjy³ FgpXpIbmWv sNbvXXv. AXpsImWvSv a\pjy³
AhbpsS IÀ¯mhv BIp¶nÃ.
4. kzXl{]amWw.
thZ§fpsS IÀ¯mhv Cuizc\mbXn\mÂ
AhbpsS B[nImcnIXbv¡v a\pjysâ km£yw
BhiyanÃ. thZ§Ä Ahbn¯s¶
B[nImcnIamWv. AXn\v aäp sXfnhpIÄ BhiyanÃ.
Cu \mep e£W§fpw ss__nfn\pw _m[IamWv. ss__nfnse
hN\w A\mZnImew apXte ssZht¯mSpIqSnbmbncp¶p.
a\pjysâ _p²niàn hfcp¶X\pkcn¨v
L«wL«ambn ssZhw Ah a\pjy\v shfns¸Sp¯ns¡mSp¯p.
hn. tbml¶msâ kphntijw Bcw`n¡p¶XpXs¶
"BZnbn hN\apWvSmbncp¶p. hN\w ssZht¯mSp
IqSnbmbncp¶p. hN\w ssZhambncp¶p' F¶p
]dªpsImWvSmWv. ssZhw {]hmNI·mÀ¡pw
tbiphnsâ A¸kvtXme·mÀ¡pw
Hmtcm Ime§fn ss__nÄ kqà§Ä
shfns¸Sp¯ns¡mSp¯p.
ss__nÄkqà§Ä \nXykXy§fmWv.
Ime¸g¡wsImWvSv Ahbv¡v ¥m\n kw`hn¡p¶nÃ.
ss__nfnsâ IÀ¯mhv ssZhw Xs¶bmWv. a\pjy³
Ah FgpXnsb¶p am{Xw. cWvSmw h¯n¡m³
Iu¬kn (1962þ65) ssZhmhnjvIcWw F¶
tIm¬Ìnäyqj\n C{]Imcw ]dbp¶p:
""A¸kvtXme·mcnÂ\n¶p
kzoIcn¨ hnizmk¯nsâ ASnØm\¯nÂ
amXmhmb XncpÊ` C§s\ ]Tn¸n¡p¶p.
]pXnb \nba¯nsebpw ]gb \nba¯nsebpw FÃm
]pkvXI§fpw ]qÀ®ambn AhbpsS FÃm
`mK§fpapÄs¸sS kw]qPyhpw Imt\m\nIhpamWv;
ImcWw AhbpsS cN\ ]cnip²mßmhnsâ \nthi\¯nÂ
\n¶mWv. ssZhamWv AhbpsS IÀ¯mhv. ss__nfnsâ
{KÙIÀ¯mhv ssZhambXn\m AXnsâ
B[nImcnIXbv¡v a\pjysâ km£yw H¶pw
Xs¶ thsWvS¶p Npcp¡w. a\pjy³ AXns\
hymJym\n¨v Ipfam¡mXncp¶m aXn.
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