\{k¯nÂ\n¶p R§Ä t]mbXv Im\mbnte¡mWv. \{k¯nÂ\n¶v Bdp IntemaoäÀ AIse hS¡pamdnbmWv Im\mbpsS Øm\w. Im\mtZis¯¡pdn¨v tbml¶msâ kphntij¯n aq¶p Øe¯v ]cmaÀi§fpWvSv. F¦nepw IeymWhncp¶pambn _Ôs¸«mWv Im\m \ap¡v kp]cnNnXambncn¡p¶Xv.
Im\msb¡pdn¨pÅ FÃm ]cmaÀi§fnepw Keoenbnse Im\m F¶mWv ]dªn«pÅXv. CXn\À°w Im\m F¶ t]cn thsdbpw Øe§fpWvSmbncp¶psh¶mWv. ""aq¶mw Znhkw, Keoenbmbnse Im\mbn Hcp hnhmlhncp¶p \S¶p'' (tbml. 2:1) ""Ah³ hoWvSpw Keoenbnse Im\mbnse¯n'' (tbml. 4:46) ""inatbm³, ]t{Xmkv, ZoZntamkv F¶p hnfn¡s¸Sp¶ tXmakv, Keoenbnse Im\mbn \n¶pÅ \Ym\ntbÂ'' (tbml. 21:2).
Keoenbnse Im\m C¶v Adnbs¸Sp¶Xv "tI^À Im\m' F¶mWv. tI^À F¶ Ad_nhm¡n\v {Kmaw F¶pw Im\m F¶ hm¡n\v Rm§W F¶pamWv AÀ°w. Rm§WIÄ [mcmfw DWvSmbncp¶XpsImWvSmImw Cu t]cp e`n¨Xv. apÉowIfpw {InkvXym\nIfpw Ad_nIfpamWv Im\mbnse \nhmknIÄ. AhnsS emän³ saÂss¡äv, HmÀ¯tUmIvkv hn`mK§Ä¡v ]ÅnIfpWvSv. emän³ ]Ån {^m³knkvI³ sshZnIcpsS taÂt\m«¯nemWv.
\nehnepÅ emän³ ]Ån 1879 þ {^m³knkvI³ sshZnIÀ ]WnIgn¸n¨XmWv. Bdmw \qämWvSpapX AhnsSbpWvSmbncp¶ tZhmeb¯nsâ AhinjvS§Ä¡p apIfnemWv C¶s¯ tZhmebw \nÀ½n¨sX¶p hn. Ptdmw ]dbp¶pWvSv.
Xsâ injybmbncp¶ ]ufm \{k¯n Â\n¶p I^À\mante¡pÅ bm{Xma t²y Im\mbnse tZhmebw kµÀin¨psh¶v km £ys¸Sp¯nbncn¡p¶p.
HmÀ¯tUmIvkpImcpsS tZhmeb¯n IÃpsImWvSp \nÀ½n¨ cWvSp henb `cWnIfpWvSv. Im\mbnse IeymWho«nepWvSmbncp¶ Bdv `cWnIfn csWvS®amWv AsX¶v AhÀ hnizkn¡p¶p. F¶m CXn\p sXfnhpIsfm¶panÃ. ]n¡me¯v \nÀ½n¡s¸« cWvSv amt½mZokms¯m«nIfmWv Ahsb¶v KthjIÀ A`n{]mbs¸Sp¶p.
BZys¯ AÛpXw IeymWho«nÂ
hnip² tbml¶msâ hnhcW{]Imcw tbiphnsâ ]ckyPohnXw Bcw`n¡p¶Xv Im\mbnemWv. \{k¯n AhnSp¶v ap¸Xp hÀj¡mew amXm]nXm¡Ä¡p hnt[bs¸«pw Ahsc klmbn¨pw Pohn¨p. Im\mbnse IeymWho«n tbip F¯nbXv amXmhnt\mSpw A¸kvtXme·mtcmSpw H¸amWv. hnhmlhpw hncp¶pw kt´mj¯nsâbpw kulrZ¯nsâbpw kµÀ`amWv. hncp¶n\nSbn hoªp XoÀ¶tXmsS hnhml¯nsâ kt´mjw A{]Xy£ambn. sNdnb IpdhpIÄ IpSpw_¯nse BËmZw CÃmXm¡pw.
AÛpXw AÛpXIcambn kw`hn¡p¶nsö Nn´bmWv Im\mbnse AÛpXs¯¡pdn¨v tbml¶msâ kphntijw cWvSmw A[ymbw H¶papX ]{´WvSp hsc hmIy§Ä hmbn¨ptI«t¸mÄ tXm¶nbXv. AÛpXw kw`hn¡p¶Xn\v Hcp¡w BhiyamWv. ]ecpsSbpw klIcW¯nemWv tbip AÛpX§Ä {]hÀ¯n¨Xv. AÛpX§Ä ssZh¯nsâ alXzw shfns¸Sp¯p¶ ASbmf§fs{X.
shÅw hoªm¡n amänbXmWv Im\mbnse AÛpXw. AXn\v ]cn. I\yImadnb¯nsâbpw tPmen¡mcpsSbpw Iehd¡mcsâbpw klmbw Bhiyambncp¶p. {]XnkÔnbnemb Hcp IpSpw_¯n\pthWvSnbmWv ]cn. A½ BZyambn am²yØyw {]mÀ°n¨Xv. A½bpsS At]£ XncpkpX³ km[n¨psImSp¯p. AXv tbip {]hÀ¯n¨ BZys¯ AÛpXambn amdpIbpw sNbvXp.
Dd¨ hnizmkhpw XnIª B{ibt_m[hpw \ndª {]Xymibpw ]cn. A½bpsS a²yØ{]mÀ°\bv¡p ]n¶nepWvSv. Xsâ aI\mbXpsImWvSv At]£ Dt]£n¡nsö Dd¸nemWv A½ ]dªXv: ""aIt\ AhÀ¡p hoªnÃ.'' ""kv{Xotb F\n¡pw \n\¡pw F´v? Fsâ kabw C\nbpw Bbn«nÃ'' F¶mWv tbip adp]Sn ]dªXv. CXn \ntj[¯nsâ kzcw tIÄ¡p¶hcpWvSv. F¶m ]cn. A½bpsS am²yØiànsb DbÀ¯n¡mWn¡p¶ kµÀ`ambn«mWv ss__nÄ ]ÞnX·mÀ Cu kw`hs¯ hniZoIcn¡p¶Xv. kabamImXncp¶n«pw A½ Bhiys¸«psh¶ Hä¡mcW¯m tbip Bhiyw \ndthäns¡mSp¯p. kabw F¶ {]tbmKw Ir]bpsS, A\p{Kl¯nsâ, ImcpWy¯nsâ kabw F¶ AÀ°¯nemWv a\Ênemt¡WvSXv. c£bpsS kabambpw AXns\ IcpXmw. actWm°m\§fneqsSbmWv kabw ]qÀ¯nbmhpI. Ipcnin Bßmhns\ kaÀ¸n¡p¶ \nanj¯n tbip {]XnhNn¨p: ""FÃmw ]qÀ¯nbmbncn¡p¶p'' (tbml. 19:30)
bpsS kabambpw AXns\ IcpXmw. actWm°m\§fneqsSbmWv kabw ]qÀ¯nbmhpI. Ipcnin Bßmhns\ kaÀ¸n¡p¶ \nanj¯n tbip {]XnhNn¨p: ""FÃmw ]qÀ¯nbmbncn¡p¶p'' (tbml. 19:30)
BZymÛpX]Ån
Im\mbnse ]Ån BZymÛpX¯nsâ ]Ån F¶ t]cnemWv Adnbs¸Sp¶Xv. IeymW¸´en shÅw \nd¨ IÂ`cWnIsf HmÀ½s¸Sp¯p¶ Bdv IÂ`cWnIÄ tZhmeb¯nsâ Aįmcbn {]XnjvTn¨n«pWvSv. ssZhmeb¯nsâ {In]vän blqZcpsS ip²oIcW¯n\p shÅw kq£n¨ncp¶ hensbmcp IÂ`cWnbpWvSv. Ncn{X{]m[m\yapÅ ]pcmhkvXp¡fpsS AhinjvS§fpw AhnsS ImWmw.
hnhmlhmKvZm\ \hoIcWw
Im\mbnse tZhmeb¯nse¯p¶hÀ IpSpw_PohnX¯nse IpdhpIÄ ]cnlcn¨pIn«m\pw ssZhm\p{Klw kar²ambn e`n¡m\pw thWvSn {]mÀ°n¡p¶p. IpSpw_¯nsâ \mY\pw ]cn]meI\pambn tbiphns\ ]p\:{]XnjvTn¡m³ FÃmhcpw {]tXyIw {i²n¡p¶p. hnhmlthfbn Aįmcbv¡pap¼n thZ]pkvXIw km£nbm¡n sNmÃnb hnhml{]XnÚ ]pXp¡p¶ \à ]Xnhv AhnsSbpWvSv. hnhml¯nsâ IuZminIam\s¯¡pdn¨pÅ Nn´, IpSpw_¯nse ssZh¯nsâ AZriykm¶n²yw, `mcym`À¯m¡·mÀ X½nepWvSmtIWvS ]hn{X_Ôw XpS§nb hnjb§Ä Z¼XnIÄ¡p {]mÀ°\mhnjb§fmWv.
Hcpan¨p{]mÀ°n¡m³ `mcybpw a¡fpw CÃm¯hÀ¡pw IpSpw_\hoIcW{]mÀ°\Ifn ]¦ptNcmsa¶ \À½w IeÀ¶ Adnbn¸pambn kwLmSI³ ^m. Iq«nbm\n cwKs¯¯n. A¨³ \bn¨ at\mlcamb a²yØ{]mÀ°\bn FÃm sshZnIcpw ]¦ptNÀ¶p. CShIkaql¯nse IpSpw_§Ä¡pthWvSnbpw cq]XbmIp¶ almIpSpw_¯n\pthWvSnbpw FÃmhcpw {]mÀ°n¨p. Z¼XnamscÃmw hnizmk¯nepw kvt\l¯nepw hnizkvXXbnepw hfcp¶Xn\pthWvSn \S¯nb a²yØ{]mÀ°\ Gsd lrZyambn A\p`hs¸«p.
Im\mbnse hoªv
Im\mbnse hoªv {]kn²amWv. Im\mbpw AhnSps¯ IeymWhpw kphntij¯n ]cmaÀihnt[bambXv hoªnsâ t]cnembncp¶sÃm. Im\mbn F¯p¶hÀ hoªv hm§ns¡mWvSpt]mIp¶ ]XnhpWvSv. hm§p¶hÀ hoªv aZyambn IcpXp¶nÃ. AXpsImWvSv aZyhncp² {]hÀ¯IÀ t]mepw Ip¸nIÄ hm§n¡q«n.
Im\mbnse hoªv ]membn F¯n¡m\pÅ NnecpsS {iaw ]cmPbs¸«p. \¶mbn ]m¡v sN¿m¯ Ip¸nIÄ X«nap«n s]m«n. s]«n¡pÅnse hkv{X§Ä hoªn IpXnÀ¶p. Ip¸n \jvSs¸«hcpsS apJ¯v hnjmZ¯nsâ \ngÂ]c¶p. Im\mbnse IeymWho«n hoªp XoÀ¶t¸mÄ ho«paSØ\v C{Xbpw hnjaw tXm¶nbncp¶pthm F¶p kwibamWv.