\qämWvSpItfmfw ]g¡apÅXmWv a\pjycminbpsS Im¸nIpSnbnepÅ XmXv]cyw."CÉmanIv hoªv' F¶À°apÅ ]pcmX\ Ad_n]Zamb "Izmh'bn \n¶mbncn¡Ww Cu ]m\ob¯nsâ \mtamev]¯nsb¶v PÀ½³ImÀ¡v A`n{]mbapWvSv. GXmbmepw ]pcmX\Ime¯v Ad_n\mSpIfnembncp¶p Im¸n BZyw {]Nmc¯nembsX¶v hnZKv[À NqWvSn¡mWn¡p¶p.
16þmw \qämWvSnÂXs¶ Im¸nsb kw_Ôn¨pÅ hmÀ¯Ifpw teJ\§fpw PÀa³ am[ya§fn {]Xy£s¸«p XpS§n. Gsd¯maknbmsX hmWnPykwL§Ä Ad_n\mSpIfnÂ\n¶v Im¸n ]Xnhmbn bqtdm¸n F¯n¡pIbpw sNbvXncp¶p. PÀa\n, Cäen, {^m³kv, tlmfWvSv, Cw¥WvSv F¶o cmPy§fnembncp¶p A¡me¯v Im¸n¡v IqSpX {]Nmcw. AhnS§fn \qdpIW¡n\v "tIm^n lukpIÄ' Xpd¡s¸«p. Im¸nIpSnbn Xmev]cyapWvSmbncp¶ ]pcpj·mÀ Znhtk\ H¶n¨pIqSn Im¸nIpSn¨pw \m«p hÀ¯am\§Ä ]dªpw DÃkn¡pI A¡me¯v Hcp ]Xnhmbn. IhnIfpw IemImc·mcpw Nn´Icpw NqXpIfn¡mcpsams¡ tIm^nlukv kµÀiIcn DÄs¸«ncp¶p.
Huj[KpWhpw elcnbpapÅ Hcp ]m\obambn«mWv PÀa³ImÀ Im¸nsb hntijn¸n¨ncp¶Xv. X·qew AhÀ \nÀ_Ôambn ]dªncp¶p. "Im¸n ]nimNns\t¸mse Idp¯ncn¡Ww, AXnsâ NqSv \cI¯nseXn\p Xpeyambncn¡Ww, amemJamcpsS ss\½Àeyhpw kvt\l¯nsâ am[pcnbpw AXn\pWvSmbncn¡pIbpw thWw'. kµÀiIcpsS Cu XmXv]cy§sfÃmw IW¡nseSp¯mbncp¶p, tIm^n lukv DSaØÀ Im¸n X¿mdm¡nbncp¶Xv. PÀa³ImÀ Im¸n¡p Iev]n¨ncp¶ {]m[m\yw a\Ênem¡n, s{^UdnIv cWvSma³ N{IhÀ¯n 1780þ Nne {]tXyI \n_Ô\IÄ \S¸n hcp¯pIbpw Im¸nbpsS Cd¡paXn Kh¬saânsâ ]qÀ®\nb{´W¯nem¡pIbpw sNbvXp. Im¸n¡¨hS¯n A]mIXIfpw AgnaXnbpw Hgnhm¡pIbmbncp¶p N{IhÀ¯nbpsS e£yw.
Im¸nIpSnbn PÀa³ImÀ¡pWvSmbncp¶ Bthiw XpSÀ¶pÅ \qämWvSpIfnepw A\p{Iaw hÀ²n¡pIbpWvSmbn. P\§Ä ho«nepw ]pd¯pw Hcpan¨ncp¶p Im¸nIpSn¨v t\cwt]m¡pIÄ ]dªpÃkn¡pI \msSm«msI Hcp ]Xnhmbn. X·qew 1850þHmsS PÀa\nbn Bbnc¡W¡n\v tIm^n lukpIfmWv {]hÀ¯\w Bcw`n¨Xv. "\n§Ä¡v a\xt¢iapsWvS¦nÂ, tIm^nluknse¯n thWvS{X Im¸nIpSn¡pI, Dt·j¡pdthm BßlXym {]hWXtbm DÅhÀ¡pw Ct§m«p kzmKXw!', C§s\bmbncp¶p A¡me¯v tIm^n lukv DSaIfpsS kÀhkm[mcWamb Hcp £WcoXn. cmPm¡·mcpsS `cWIme¯v, hnizkvXtkhIÀ¡pw aäp ]uc{]apJÀ¡pw IoÀ¯nap{Ztbm kzÀ®saUtem \ÂIp¶Xn\p]Icw ]et¸mgpw Hcp Nm¡v Im¸n k½m\n¨ncp¶Xmbn ImWp¶p.
cWvSmw temIalmbp²¯n\ptijw C¶phsc PÀa³ImÀ Gähpw CjvSs¸Sp¶ Hcp ]m\obambn¯oÀ¶ncn¡pIbmWv Im¸n. bp²m\´chÀj§fnÂ, Im¸n ]Ws¡mgp¸pÅhcpsS IpSnhkvXphmbn amdnbncp¶p. X·qew km[mcW¡mÀ Hcp t\cw Ir{Xna Im¸n IpSn¨p kwXr]vXcmhpIbmbncp¶p ]Xnhv. k¼¶cmPyamb PÀa\nbn Ct¸mgs¯ ØnXn A§s\bÃ. BÀ¡pw thWvS{X Im¸n hm§m³ _p²naps«m¶panÃ. Hmtcm PÀa³Imc\pw Ct¸mÄ {]XnhÀjw icmicn 160 enäÀ Im¸nIpSn¡p¶Xmbn«mWv ØnXn hnhc IW¡pIÄ ImWn¡p¶Xv. ""cmhnse DWÀ¶mepS³ F\n¡v Im¸n IpSn¡Ww, AXv I«nbpÅXpambncn¡Ww. ]ns¶ Znhk¯n ]eXhWbpw Im¸nIpSn¡mdpWvSv.'' Hcp hr²km`nam\w ]dªp. C´ybn Hm^okv DtZymKØcpw aäpw Nmbbv¡mWv ap³KW\ \ÂImdpÅsX¦nÂ, PÀa\nbn Im¸n B Øm\w ]nSn¨ncn¡p¶p. BtLmjamb k¡mcthfIfn hoªpw _nbdpw am{XaÃ, Im¸nbpw DWvSmbncn¡Wsa¶mWv PÀa³ImcpsS B{Klw. k¡mc¯nsâ Ahkm\L«¯nÂ, ]mepw ]©kmcbpw tNÀ¡msX Xosc sNdnsbmcp I¸n hfsc ISp¸apÅ Im¸nbmWv \ÂIpI. Ipsd¡meambn XohWvSnIfnepw Poh\¡mÀ HmSn \S¶p Im¸n hnXcWw sN¿p¶Xp ImWmw. tlm«epIfnepw XohWvSnIfnepsams¡ Hcp I¸p Im¸n¡v icmicn cWvSp bqtdm (130 cq]) \ÂtIWvSn hcpw.
PÀa\nbn {]Nmc¯nencn¡p¶ Im¸nbntesdbpw {_koÂ, sImf¼nb, B{^n¡³ cmPy§Ä F¶nhnS§fnÂ\n¶pÅXmWv. C´y {]XnhÀjw GXmWvSv cWvSpe£w S¬ Im¸n hntZi¯¡v IbäpaXn sN¿p¶psWvS¦nepw, PÀa\nbn C´y³ Im¸n Gsd¡psd AÚmXamWv, \½psS NmbbmIs« kp{]kn²hpw. Hcp ]t£, C´y³ Im¸nbpsS KpW¡pdthm AXp Xbmdm¡p¶XnepÅ {Iat¡SpItfm Bbncn¡mw CXn\p ImcWw. PÀa\nbn Ct¸mÄ ]cs¡ Adnbs¸Sp¶ Im¸nbn\§Ä tP¡_vkv tIm^n, lmKv tIm^n F¶nhbpw UmÂabÀ, FUqtjm I¼\n¡mcpsS Im¸nbpw temI{]kn²amb s\kvtIm^nbpamWv. Cu I¼\nIsfÃmw \ntXy\ sSenhnj\neqsSbpw ]{X§fneqsSbpw X§fpsS Im¸n¡pthWvSn {]NmcWw \S¯mdpWvSv.
Im¸n PÀ½³ImcpsSbpw an¡ P\]Z§fpsSbpw {]nbs¸« ]m\obamsW¦nepw AXnsâ Zqjyhiys¯¸änbpw BfpIÄ t_m[hm·mcmbncn¡Wsa¶v ChnSs¯ sshZyimkv{XhnZKv[À HmÀan¸n¡p¶p. Dt·jw {]Zm\w sN¿p¶ Im¸n, {]taltcmKnIÄ¡v KpWIchpw, Im³kÀ, ]mÀ¡n³k³ F¶o tcmK§sf XSbm³ klmbIchpamsW¦nepw AanXamb Im¸nIpSn A\mtcmKy¯n\v hgnsXfnt¨¡psa¶mWv AhcpsS A`n{]mbw. Im¸nbn F®qdn¸cw LSIhkvXp¡fmWpÅXt{X. Ah DWvSm¡mhp¶ ]mÀiz^e§Ä A{X \nÊmcaÃXm\pw.
Im¸nIpSnbn Bthi`cnXcmb PÀa³ImÀ AXnsâ Zqjyhi§sf¸än IqSpX t_m[hm·mcmbns¡mWvSncn¡p¶p. F¦nepw IpSpw_mwK§tfmSpw kplr¯p¡tfmSpsam¯v CS¡nsS Im¸n IpSn¨pw tI¡v `£n¨pw BËmZ]qÀÆw kabw sNehgn¡pIsb¶pÅXv PÀ½³ kwkvImc¯nsâ Hcp `mKambn XoÀ¶ncn¡pIbmsW¶p ]dbmw. P·Zn\¯ntem aäp hntijmhkc§fntem Bsc¦nepw Hcp ]mbv¡äv Im¸ns¸mSn k½m\n¨mÂ, DSs\ AhcpsS apJ¯v ]p©ncn s]m«nhnScp¶Xp ImWmw.