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alm·msc
BZcn¡pIbpw _lpam\n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶Xv a\pjysâ
kzm`mhnIamb {]hWXbpw ioehpamWv. C{]Imcw alm·msc AwKoIcn¡m\pw
BZcn¡m\pw cq]s¸Sp¯nbn«pÅhbmWv
]pckvImc§Ä. PohnX¯nsâ hnhn[ taJeIfnÂ
anIhp ImWn¨n«pÅhscbmWv ]pckvImc§Ä
\evIn BZcn¡p¶Xv. imkv{Xw, kmt¦XnIhnZy, Ie,
kmlnXyw, BßobX, kmaqlnI{]hÀ¯\§Ä
apXemb taJeIfn Imcyam{X{][m\amb kw`mh\ \ÂInb
alm·mscbmWv ]pckvImc§Ä tXSn F¯p¶Xv. |
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`£Ww,
hkv{Xw, ]mÀ¸nSw, BtcmKyw F¶nh a\pjysâ
auenIimcocnImhiy§fmWv. Cu Bhiy§Ä \nÀÆln¡s¸Sp¶tXmsSm¸w
am\knIhpw sshImcnIhpamb Bhiy§fpw Xr]vXns¸Sp¯Ww.
AwKoImcw, BZchv, A`n\µ\w, t{]mÕml\w, ]cnKW\ apXembh
am\knIhpw sshImcnIhpamb Bhiy§fnÂs¸Spw.
a\pjysâ am\knIhpw sshImcnIhpamb hnImkw hnZym`ymks¯
B{ibn¨mWncn¡p¶Xv. imcocnIhfÀ¨bv¡pw
hnZym`ymkw Bhiyhpw klmbIhpamWv. AXpsImWvSmWv hnZym[\w kÀÆ[\mÂ
{][m\w F¶p IcpXs¸Sp¶Xv. Hu]NmcnIhnZym`ymkw
am{Xaà A\u]NmcnIhnZym`ymkhpw {]m[m\yaÀln¡p¶p.
hnZym`ymkw _u²nIXe¯nepÅ hnImkw am{XaÃ
am\knIsshImcnIXe§sf ]cn]Izam¡m³ DXIp¶Xpambncn¡Ww.
a\pjysâ \nch[nbmb Bhiy§Ä \ndthäm³
[\¯nsâ ]¦v hfsc {][m\s¸«XmWv.
AXpsImWvSv a\pjysâ aqeyt{iWnbn Gähpw {][m\Øm\w
[\w ssIbS¡n¡gnªp. C¶v `qcn]£w
BfpIfpsSbpw {][m\aqeyw ]WamIp¶p. ]WapsWvS¦nÂ
asäÃmw {]m]n¡m³ Ignbpsa¶ [mcW
iàamWv. A[nImchpw {]ikvXnbpw PohnXkuIcy§fpw B`cWhpw
AwKoImchpsaÃmw [\ambn ]cnWan¨ncn¡p¶p.
adn¨pÅ Nn´IÄ¡v {]mtbmKnIPohnX¯nÂ
{]kàn \jvSs¸«p Ignªp. ]W¯nsâ
apIfn ]cp´pw ]d¡pIbnsöv ]gsamgnbpWvSsÃm.
Cu aqeyk¦ev]w [\mÀ¯nbnte¡p a\pjys\
\bn¡p¶p; \mi¯nte¡pw. an¡hsc kw_Ôn¨pw
GXp amÀ¤ap]tbmKn¨pw ]Ww k¼mZn¡pI
F¶Xv PohnXe£yambn¡gnªp.
[\s¯¡pdn¨pÅ alm·mcpsS Nn´Ifpw
{]t_m[\§fpw shdpw PetcJIÄ am{XamWv. [\¯nsâ
\izcXsbbpw \mi^e§sfbpw Ipdn¨v {InkvXp DZvt_m[n¸n¡p¶pWvSv.
H«Iw kqNn¡pgbneqsS IS¡p¶Xns\¡mÄ
ZpjvIcamWv [\hmsâ kzÀ¤{]thiw. Fs¶
A\pKan¡m³ B{Kln¡p¶h³ X\n¡pÅsXÃmw
hnäv Zcn{ZÀ¡p sImSp¯n«v Fs¶
A\pKan¡pI. Zcn{ZÀ `mKyhm·mÀ. k¼¶sc
\n§fpsS ØnXn F{X Zb\obw. \n§fpsS kamizmkw
\n§Ä¡p e`n¨pIgnªncn¡p¶p.
{InkvXphnsâ Cu {]t_m[\§Ä¡v F´p
hne Iev]n¡s¸Sp¶p? Ch shdpw {]kwKhnjbw am{XamWv.
{InkvXphns\ Xsâ injy·mcnsemcmÄ hnäXv
ap¸Xp shÅn¡min\mWv. F¶m C¶v
{InkvXphns\ AXn Ipdsªmcp hnebv¡p hm§m³
hnet]ins¡mWvSncn¡pIbmWv. hn]Wnbnse hnev]\¨c¡mbn
amdns¡mWvSncn¡p¶p {InkvXp.
alm·msc BZcn¡pIbpw _lpam\n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶Xv
a\pjysâ kzm`mhnIamb {]hWXbpw ioehpamWv. C{]Imcw alm·msc
AwKoIcn¡m\pw BZcn¡m\pw cq]s¸Sp¯nbn«pÅhbmWv
]pckvImc§Ä. PohnX¯nsâ hnhn[ taJeIfnÂ
anIhp ImWn¨n«pÅhscbmWv ]pckvImc§Ä
\evIn BZcn¡p¶Xv. imkv{Xw, kmt¦XnIhnZy, Ie,
kmlnXyw, BßobX, kmaqlnI{]hÀ¯\§Ä
apXemb taJeIfn Imcyam{X{][m\amb kw`mh\ \ÂInb
alm·mscbmWv ]pckvImc§Ä tXSn F¯p¶Xv.
C§s\bpÅhsc Xncn¨dnªv XncsªSp¯v
BZcn¡pIbmWp ]Xnhv. Chbv¡v AÀlcmbhsc IsWvS¯pI
A{X Ffp¸apÅ ImcyaÃ.
{]mtZinI, tZiob, A´Àt±iobXe§fnÂ
AÀlcmbhsc IsWvS¯n ]pckvImc§Ä \ÂImdpWvSv.
A´Àt±iobXe¯n Xnf¡amÀ¶
]e ]pckvImc§fpapWvSv. 2009 s^{_phcn 24þ\p {]Jym]n¨
HmkvImÀ AhmÀUv kn\namcwKs¯ Gähpw {]ikvXamb
]pckvImcamWv. `mcXobcmb F.BÀ. dlvam\pw dkq ]q¡p«n¡pw
e`n¨ AwKoImcw \½psS ]{Xam[ya§fpw CXc am[ya§fpw
BtLmjn¨p. Atacn¡bnse A¡mZan Hm^v tamj³
]nIvNÀ BÀSvkv B³Uv kb³kv F¶ kwLS\bmWv
Cu ]pckvImcw GÀs¸Sp¯nbncn¡p¶Xv.
tlmfnhpUnse hnhn[ hn`mK§fn Ignhp sXfnbn¨hÀ¡mWv
Cu AhmÀUv \ÂIp¶Xv. 1929þtabv 26 \mbncp¶p
BZyAhmÀUpZm\¨S§v. "KmÔn'bpw "ÉwtUmKv
aney\bdpw' am{XamWv C´ybn \n¶v HmkvImÀ
AhmÀUn\v tbmKyX t\SnbXv.
HmkvImÀ ]pckvImcs¯¸änbpw Bt£]§fpWvSv.
Cu AhmÀUn\p ]cnKWn¡p¶Xv \Ã kn\naIsfbÃ
I¨hSkn\naIsfbmsW¶v ]cmXnbpWvSv. 11 {]ikvXA´mcmjv{S]pckvImc§Ä
t\Snb kXyPnXvdmbnbpsS "]tYÀ ]m©men¡v'
Cu AhmÀUv In«nbnÃ. HmkvImÀ In«m¯XpsImWvSv
Cu kn\nabpsS alXz¯n\p tIm«w X«nbn«panÃ.
A´Àt±iobXe¯n Gähpw {]ikvXnbpÅ
]pckvImcamWv t\m_Âk½m\w. kzoU\nse Hcp sIanÌpw
hyhkmb{]apJ\pambncp¶ BÂ{^Uv t\m_Â GÀs¸Sp¯nbXmWv
Cu ]pckvImcw. t\m_ Xsâ acW]{X¯n Xsâ
kz¯nsâ 94 iXam\w AXmbXv 31 Zie£w kzoUojv
t{ImtWmÀ A©v t\m_ k½m\§Ä¡mbn
kw`mh\ sNbvXp. 2008 se IW¡\pkcn¨v Cu XpI 186 Zie£w
Atacn¡³ tUmfdn\p XpeyamWv.
Cu ]pckvImc¯nsâ Bcw`w 1895þemWv. DuÀÖX{´w,
ckX{´w, icocimkv{Xw Asæn sshZyimkv{Xw,
kmlnXyw, kam[m\w F¶o A©p Imcy§Ä¡v
anIhp ImWn¨hsc XncsªSp¯v 1901þÂ
]pckvImc§Ä \ÂIn. 1968þÂ kzoU\nse
sk³{SÂ _m¦v BÂ{^Uv t\m_ensâ
HmÀ½bv¡mbn [\imkv{X¯n\v Hcp ]pckvImcw
GÀs¸Sp¯n. 1969þÂ BZyambn Cu
]pckvImcw \ÂIn. Bdp imJIfnembn t\m_Â k½m\w
t\SnbhÀ ]ecpWvSv. kn.hn. cma\pw AaÀXym sk¶pw
aZÀ sXtckmbpsams¡ ChcnÂs¸Sp¶p.
t\m_ k½m\¯nsâ XncsªSp¸ns\¸änbpw
Bt£]§Ä CÃmXnÃ.
kmlnXycwK¯v Adnbs¸Sp¶ ]pckvImcamWv "_p¡À
ss{]kv.' Booker Mc Connell prize F¶mWv BZyw Adnbs¸«ncp¶Xv.
Cu ]pckvImc¯nsâ {]tbmàm¡Ä _p¡À
ams¡ms®Â I¼\nbmWv. 1968 emWv CXnsâ
Bcw`w. 2002þapXÂ _p¡À ss{]kv _p¡À
^utWvSjsâ Iognem¡n. k½m\¯pI \ÂIp¶Xv
_p¡À I¼\n Xs¶bmWv. k½m\¯pI
21000 {_n«ojv ]uWvSmbncp¶Xv 50000 ]uWvSmbn 2002þÂ
DbÀ¯n. Cw¥ojv `mjm t\mh kmlnXy¯n\mWv
Cu ]pckvImcw \ÂIp¶Xv. tIma¬ sh¯v
cmPy§fn \nt¶m AbeÀWvSn \nt¶m
DÅ Cw¥ojv `mjbnepÅ t\mhepIfmWv _p¡À
]pckvImc¯n\p ]cnKWn¡s¸Sp¶Xv. Cu ]pckvImc¯n\v
]cnKW\mÀlamIp¶XpXs¶ Gähpw \Ã
_lpaXnbmbn IcpXp¶p. 1981þse _p¡À ss{]kv
tPXmhmb kÂam³ dpjvZn¡v 1993þÂ
_p¡À Hm^v _p¡À ss{]kv e`n¡pIbpWvSmbn.
_p¡Àss{]knsâ 25 hÀjs¯ Ncn{X¯nÂ
BZyambn«mWv Cu ]pckvImcw kÂam\p e`n¡p¶Xv.
]pckvImcw e`n¨ t\mhensâ t]cv Midnight’s Children.
_p¡À AhmÀUnsâ 40þmw hÀjw
2008þÂ, Gähpw hninjvSamb _p¡À
ss{]kv k½m\hpw Midnight Children\p e`n¨p. 2008
 C´ym¡mc\mb Achnµv AUnKmbpsS The
White Tiger F¶ t\mhen\v Cu ]pckvImcw e`n¡pIbpWvSmbn.
1997þÂ aebmfnbmb AcpÔXn tdmbn _p¡À
ss{]kn\v AhImin\nbmbn.
ImbnIcwKs¯ Adnbs¸Sp¶ ]pckvImcamWv sS¶okn\p
\ÂIp¶ hn¼nÄU¬. Cw¥WvSnÂ
hn¼nÄU¬ F¶ Øe¯v Hcp sS¶okv
¢_v 1868þÂ Bcw`n¨p. Cu SqÀWsaânsâ
Bcw`w ChnsSbmWv. C¶v temI{]ikvXn t\Snb ]pckvImcamWnXv.
A´Àt±iobXe¯n ImbnIcwKs¯
Gähpw henb tafbmWv Hfn¼nIvkv. Hfn¼nIvknÂ
]s¦Sp¡m³ Ignbp¶XpXs¶ `mKyambn
IW¡m¡s¸Sp¶p. Hcp saUÂ t\Sm³
Ignªm A´mcmjv{SAwKoImcambn. Hfn¼nIvknÂ
`mcX¯nsâ {]IS\w hfsc \ncmimP\IamWv. Hcp saUÂ
t]mepw In«m¯ Ahkc§fpapWvSv. Cu Ignª Hfn¼nIvknÂ
Hcp kzÀ®hpw Hcp HmSpw In«nbXv \mw BtLmjn¨p.
hyàn]camb t\«w AwKoIcn¡Ww. F¶mÂ
temI¯nse A©nsem¶p P\kwJy hcp¶ Hcp cmjv{S¯n\v
CXn F´mWv A`nam\n¡m\pÅXv? Aev]\v
AÀ°w In«pt¼mÄ AÀ²cm{Xn¡pw
IpS ]nSn¡psa¶ ]gsamgn AÀ°apÅXmIp¶p.
thsdbpw \nch[n ]pckvImc§Ä A´Àt±iobXe¯nepWvSv.
_lpaXnbpw AwKoImchpw {]Zm\w sN¿p¶ kwcw`§fmWnh.
hyIvXnIfpsS am{XaÃ, cmjv{S¯nsâ Xs¶
{]ikvXn DbÀ¯m³ Cu ]pckvImc§Ä klmbn¡pw.
tZiobXe¯n \nch[n ]pckvImc§Ä \nehnepWvSv.
anI¨ `mjmkmlnXy¯n\pÅ AhmÀUmWv Úm\]oT]pckvImcw.
tZiob AwKoImcapÅ Gähpw {]ikvX ]pckvImcamWnXv. Pn.
i¦c¸nÅ, Fkv. sI. s]mä¡mSv, XIgn
inhi¦c¸nÅ, Fw.Sn. hmkptZh³\mbÀ
F¶nhÀ¡v Úm\]oTw AhmÀUv e`n¨n«pWvSv.
anI¨ kmlnXyIrXnIÄ¡pÅ tZiob ]pckvImc§Ä
tI{µkmlnXyA¡mZan \ÂInhcp¶p. FÃm
`mjIfnepapÅ {]ikvXIrXnIÄ Cu ]pckvImc¯n\v ]cnKWn¡s¸Sp¶pWvSv.
tZiobXe¯n GsX¦nepw taJebn {]mhoWyw
sXfnbn¡s¸«n«pÅ alXvhyànIsf
_lpaXnIÄ \ÂIn cmjv{Sw BZcn¡mdpWvSv. ]ß{io,
]ß`qj¬, ]ßhn`qj¬, `mcXcXv\w apXembh tZiob
_lpaXnIfmWv. ssk\nI,AÀ²ssk\nI hn`mK§fnÂ
anIhp ImWn¨hsc saUepIÄ \ÂIn BZcn¡p¶
]XnhpWvSv. ImbnI aÕc§fn {]mKev`yw ImWn¨hsc
AÀÖp\ AhmÀUp t]mepÅ _lpaXnIÄ
\ÂIn BZcn¡p¶p. kvIqÄ A[ym]IÀ¡v
tZiob AhmÀUpIÄ {]Jym]n¡mdpWvSv. AÀln¡p¶hÀ¡mtWm
Cu _lpaXnIsfms¡ e`n¡p¶sX¶v kwibw P\n¸n¡p¶
kµÀ`§fpw DWvSmImdpWvSv. acWtijhpw Nne alm·msc
_lpaXnbpw ]pckvImc§fpw tXSn F¯p¶p.
kwØm\Xe¯nepw {]mtZinIXe¯nepw AhmÀUpIÄ
[mcmfw. IqWpt]mse AhmÀUpIÄ apf¨ps]m§p¶p.
Øm]\§fpw {]Øm\§fpw, ¢_pIfpsams¡
]pXnb AhmÀUpIÄ krjvSn¡p¶p. kwØm\
kmlnXyA¡mZan `mjmkmlnXy¯n\pÅ ]pckvImc§Ä
\ÂImdpWvSv. kwØm\ Xe¯n A[ym]IÀ¡pw
]pckvImc§Ä \ÂIp¶p. kwØm\t]meokv
tk\bnepÅhscbpw saUepIÄ \ÂIn BZcn¡p¶p.
kn\nabv¡pw ]pckvImc§Ä GÀs¸Sp¯nbn«pWvSv.
kzImcyØm]\§fpw hyànIfpw hnhn[ ]pckvImc§Ä
GÀs¸Sp¯nbn«pÅXmbn ImWmw. N§¼pg
AhmÀUv, Fgp¯Ñ³ ]pckvImcw, ap«¯phÀ¡n
AhmÀUv apXembh kmlnXycwKs¯ ]pckvImc§fmWv.
alXvhyànIsftUmIvSÀ_ncpZw \ÂIn kÀÆIemimeIÄ
BZcn¡p¶ ]XnhpWvSv.
s]mXp{]hÀ¯Isc {]tXyIn¨v cmjv{Sob¡msc
_lpaXnIÄ \ÂIn BZcn¡p¶ coXn¡v {]Nmcw
IqSp¶p. anI¨ kwip² s]mXp{]hÀ¯I\pÅ
`mcXob P\]£¯nsâ AhmÀUv "tIcfcXv\w'
a{´n ]msemfn apl½ZvIp«n Gäphm§nbXmbn
]{X¯n hmbn¨p. FÃm a{´namcpw GsX¦nepsamcp
AhmÀUv kwLSn¸n¡psa¶Xn XÀ¡anÃ.
AhmÀUptamlnIsf Xr]vXns¸Sp¯m³ am{XapÅ
AhmÀUpIÄ \nehnepWvSv. t]msc¦n ]pXnbh
krjvSn¡mw.
]WvSp ]WvSv AhmÀUpIÄ AÀlcmbhsc tXSnsb¯pIbmbncp¶p.
C¶mIs« AhmÀUptamlnIÄ AhmÀUv
At\zjn¨p \S¡pIbmWv. AhmÀUpIÄ Xcs¸Sp¯ns¡mSp¡p¶
GPâpamcpapsWvS¶p tIÄ¡p¶p. AhmÀUpIÄ
Øm]n¨v B ]pckvImc§Ä Gäphm§p¶hcpapWvSv.
hmÀ¯bpWvSm¡m³thWvSn NneÀ AhmÀUpIÄ
\nckns¨¶ncn¡pw. ]n¶oSv AXv clkyambn Gäphm§pIbpw
sN¿pw.
_lpaXnIÄ t\SnsbSp¡m³ NnecpsS s]Sm¸mSpIÄ
ImtWWvSXp Xs¶. Kn¶kv _p¡ntem, IpdªXv
en¦m _pIvkntem Ibdn¸äm\mWv NnecpsS ]cn{iaw.
Gähpw henb hnf¡v, Gähpw henb I¡pcniv,
Gähpw henb ]Ån, Ipcnip]Ån, Gähpw henb
sImSnacw apXembh \nÀ½n¨v Kn¶kv _p¡v
e£yw hbv¡p¶p. kÀ¸bÚw,
{]kwKbÚw apXembh \S¯n t]scSp¡m³ {ian¡p¶hcpw
CÃmXnÃ. Häbncp¸n 50 CÍen
Xn¶v dn¡mÀUp krjvSn¡p¶hcpapWvSv.
aoibv¡pw IjWvSn¡pw aÕcw h¨v ]pckvImc§Ä
t\Sp¶hscbpw ImWmw. C{]ImcapÅ _lpaXnIfpw ]pckvImc§fpw
tamln¨p\S¡p¶hÀ ]cnlmkycmbn¯ocpIbmWv.
B\, ]ip, izm\³ apXemb arK§sfbpw ]pckvImcw \evIn
BZcn¡mdpWvSv. KPcmP]«w CXnÂs¸Sp¶p.
Cu arK§fpsS DSaIÄ¡mWv ]pckvImc¯nsâ
t\«w. C§s\bpw _lpaXn t\Smw. _lpaXnIfpw ]pckvImc§fpw,
AÀln¡p¶hÀ¡v \ntj[n¡s¸SpIbpw
A\ÀlÀ ssIbS¡pIbpw sN¿pt¼mÄ
ChbpsS hnizmkyX \jvSs¸Spw. bYmÀ° _lpaXnIfpw
]pckvImc§fpw AÀlcmbhsc tXSnsb¯pw. _lpaXnbpw
]pckvImc§fpw alXvhyànIfpsS alXzw Iq«pItbm
Ipdbv¡pItbm sN¿p¶nÃ. AhcpsS alXz¯nsâ
AwKoImcw am{XamWnXv. Chsc kaqlw AwKoIcn¡p¶nsænÂ
B \jvSw kaql¯n\mWv. alm·msc kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw
_lpaXnIfpw ]pckvImc§fpw tN¼nebn hoW shÅw
t]msebmIp¶p. |
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