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ISs¡WnbnÂ
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än.kn
amXyp |
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h³iànIÄ KpcpXc [\Imcy Ipg¸¯nemIpt¼mÄ,
h³iànIÄ AÃmXmIp¶psh¶v
CubnsS ]dªXv Ae³ {Ko³kv]m³þ Atacn¡³
s^Ud dnkÀhnsâ ap³ sNbÀam³.
ISw Ibdnbm cmPy§fpsS Icp¯v tNmÀ¶p
t]mIpsa¶ Imcyw tdmam km{amPy¯nsâ A[x]X\Ncn{XsagpXnb
FtUzÀUv Knº¬ apX FÃm Ncn{XImc·mcpw
]dª«pWvSv. |
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Ahnizk\obamb
Imcy§fmWv kw`hn¡p¶Xv.
4cmPy§Ä Hs¶m¶mbn ISs¡WnbnemIp¶p.
4henb bqtdm]y³ cmPy§Ä sFFwF^nsâ (A´mcmjv{S
\mWy\n[n) klmbw tXSp¶p. 4temI¯nse Gähpw iàamb
cmPyw Gähpw henb IS`mcw Npa¡p¶p.
A§s\b§s\ ...
Zp_mbnbpsS Imcyw \ap¡dnbmw. Imcyambn F®bnÃm¯
cmPyw. hfÀ¨bv¡v hym]mcþ[\ImcyþSqdnkw
tI{µamIm³ hgn tXSn. AXn\mbn h³ XpI ISsaSp¯v
kwhn[m\§Ä þ XpdapJ§Ä, hnam\¯mhf§Ä,
]mÀ¸nS§Ä, Hm^okpIÄ, tjm¸nwKv
amfpIÄ, tdmUpIÄ, DÃmktI{µ§Ä
F¶n§s\þDWvSm¡n. ]t£, temIamsI
amµyw h¶t¸mÄ IW¡v sXän. Cu
kwhn[m\§Ä¡v Bhiy¡mÀ h¶nÃ.
IShpw ]enibpw Xncn¨Sbv¡m³ h¿msX h¶p.
IpSninI hcmXncn¡m³ A_pZm_n klmbn¨p. Ct¸mÄ
]dbp¶Xv IS¯nsâ Imemh[n \o«nbm apgph³
XpIbpw \ÂImsa¶v.
Zp_mbnbpsS IY Häs¸« IYbÃmXmhpIbmWv.
{Kokv F¶ cmPyw amk§fmbn sRcp§p¶p. B cmPy¯v
Hcp hÀjw DWvSmIp¶ k¼¯nt\¡mÄ
(PnUn]n) IqSpXemWv AhcpsS ISw. Ignª [\Imcy hÀjw
Ahkm\n¨t¸mÄ ISw PnUn]nbpsS 113 iXam\ambn. Cu
hÀjw Ahkm\n¡pt¼mÄ 122 iXam\w Ihnbpw.
C§s\ ISw Ibdpt¼mÄ F´p kw`hn¡pw
?
hyànIÄ¡pw IpSpw_§Ä¡pw kw`hn¡p¶Xp
Xs¶ cmPy§Ä¡pw kw`hn¡pw. ISw sImSp¡m³
BfpWvSmhnÃ.
hyànIfpw IpSpw_§fpw At¸mÄ s»bvUpImsc
kao]n¡pw. AanX]enibv¡p ISw hm§pw. AXv Ducm¡pSp¡mbn
Ahsc \in¸n¡pw.
cmPy§Ä¡p ISw AanXambm DÅ amÀKhpw
GXmWvSv CtXt]msebmWv. IqSnb ]eni sImSp¯v ]Ww hmbv]sbSp¡Ww.
k¼¶amb PÀa\n \ÂIp¶Xnsâ Cc«n
]eni \ÂInbmte ISs¡Wnbnemb {Kokn\q hmbv] In«q.
AXpt]mepw Dd¸nÃ. tabvamkw Ahkm\n¡pw ap³]v
11.6 _ney¬ bqtdm (70,000 tImSn cq]) In«Ww {Kokn\v.
A{Xbpw XpI tabvamk¯n IS¡mÀ¡v
]enibpw KUphpambn sImSp¡m\pWvSv. AXn\p IS¸{Xand¡nbmÂ
hnPbn¡pw F¶v Dd¸nÃ. AXpaqew bqtdm]y³
bqWnbsâbpw sFFwF^nsâbpw klmbw tXSnbncn¡pIbmWv
{Kokv.
klmbw \ÂIm³ bqtdm]y³ bqWnb\nse klcmPy§Ä
IÀi\hyhØbmWv hbv¡p¶Xv. {Kokv kÀ¡mÀ
Poh\¡mcpsS i¼fhpw s]³j\pw sh«n¡pdbv¡Ww.
Kh¬saâv sNehpIÄ Npcp¡Ww. Ignª km¼¯nIhÀjw
cmPys¯ k¼¯nsâ (PnUn]nbpsS) 12.7 iXam\w
(C´ybnteXnsâ Cc«ntbmfw) I½n h¶Xv
C¯hW F«piXam\¯n Xmsgbm¡Ww þ
C§s\ Hcp]nSn imk\IÄ¡p hg§nbmte PÀa\nbS¡apÅ
cmPy§Ä klmbn¡q. hyhØ ]men¡m³
{iaw XpS§nbtXmsS ]WnapS¡pIfpsS tLmjbm{Xbmbn {KoknÂ.
{Kokn\p ]n¶mse Hcp]nSn cmPy§Ä DWvSv. t]mÀ¨pKÂ,
kvs]bn³, AbÀe³Uv, Cäen, {_n«³
F¶n§s\. Cu cmPy§Ä¡pw IS_m[yX AXn`oaamWv.
hÀjw tXmdpw ISw Ip¯t\ IqSpIbpw sN¿p¶p.
t]mÀ¨pKen\p PnUn]nbpsS 77.5 iXam\w I½n IqSn
tNcpt¼mÄ 86 iXam\amIpw. AbÀe³Un\v ISw
66 iXam\w, hmÀjnI I½n 10.75 iXam\w. kvs]bn\v 55
iXam\w IShpw 11.25 iXam\w I½nbpw. {_n«\v 68.6 iXam\w
ISw, 13 iXam\w I½n.
F´mWv kw`hn¨Xv? Khs×âpIÄ¡v
`oaamb sNehpWvSv. AXn\p X¡ hchv \nIpXnbmbn In«p¶nÃ.
AXn\m A[nIs¨ehv I½nbm¡pw. I½n
\nI¯p¶Xv ISw hm§n.
IS¸{Xand¡n hm§p¶ IS§Ä Ipanªp
IqSpt¼mÄ {]iv\§Ä ]eXmWv. ]eni sImSp¡m³
\nIpXn ]ncnhnse \Ã`mKw sNehmIpw. At¸mÄ kÀ¡mcnsâ
sNehn\p thWvS{X ]Ww DWvSmhnÃ. AXn\m IqSpXÂ
ISsaSp¡pw.
CsXmcp ZqjnXhebamWv. sNehn\p hchv XnIbm¯Xn\m ISsaSp¡p¶p.
AXnsâ ]eni hÀ[n¡p¶Xn\m `mhnbnse
ISsaSp¸pw IqSpw. C§s\ h¶p ]e cmPy§fpsSbpw
Gähpw henb sNehn\w ]enibmbn amdp¶p.
CXn§s\ t]mbmÂ?
Zp_mbnbpsSbpw {Koknsâbpw am{Xw ImcyaÃnXv. Gähpw
k¼¶hpw iàhpamb Atacn¡bpw IS¯nsâ
Imcy¯n AXnthKw hjfmbn hcnIbmWv. amµyw h¶t¸mÄ
AXns\ adnIS¡m³ kzoIcn¨ \S]SnIÄ am{XaÃ
CXnte¡p \bn¨Xv. Cu ZiI¯nsâ XpS¡¯nÂ
an¨ _Päv km[n¨ncp¶ Atacn¡ {ItaW henb
I½nbnte¡p amdn.
Ignª hÀjw 1.3 {Sney¬ tUmfÀ (1,30,000
tImSn tUmfÀ= 65,00,000 tImSn cq]) BWv Atacn¡bpsS
I½n. Cs¡mÃw AXv 1.56 {Sney¬ tUmfÀ
(75,00,000 tImSn cq]) BIpw. I½n F¶m ISw.
Atacn¡bpsS hmÀjnIk¼¯nsâ 10.6
iXam\w hcpw Cs¡mÃs¯ I½n. aq¶p
hÀjw ap³]v shdpw 1.2 iXam\ambncp¶XmWXv.
C¯cw I½nIsfÃmw IqSn Ct¸mÄ 12500
_ney¬ (12.5 {Sney¬) tUmfÀ ISamWv Atacn¡³
Kh¬saân\p hcp¯n h¨Xv. Atacn¡bpsS hmÀjnI
k¼¯nsâ 80 iXam\w hcpanXv.
Zp_mbn X§fpsS alXzw ImWn¡m³ ]WnX _pÀPv
Zp_mbv F¶ temI¯nse Gähpw DbcapÅ sI«nS¯nsâ
t]c,v ISw Ibdn {]iv\ambt¸mÄ _pÀPv kp¯m³
F¶m¡n amän. ASnb´c [\klmbw \ÂInb
A_pZm_nbpsS sjbv¡nsâ t]cmWv kp¯m³.
[\klmb¯ns\mcp sNdnb {]Xn\µn.
]WanÃmXmbm C§s\ sNt¿WvSn hcpw.
{Koknsâ Imcyw t\m¡pI. {Kokn\v Xangv\mSv kwØm\t¯mfw
hep¸apWvSv. bqtdm¸nse Hcp sNdpcmPyamb eIvkw_qdn\v
tIcf¯nse FdWmIpfw PnÃbpsSb{Xbpw. ]t£ CubnsS
{Koknsâ _Pän hcpt¯WvS amä§Ä
\nÀt±in¡m³ eIvkw_qdn\p aSnbpWvSmbnÃ.
AtX, AXmWv temIw. ]WapÅh\v FÃmapWvSv. ]Zhnbpw
A[nImchpsams¡.
]WanÃm¯h\v Xsâ Imcyw Xocpam\n¡m³
t]mepw A[nImcanÃ. AhImihpanÃ. kz´w am\w
t]mepw Ah\p kwc£n¡m\mhpIbnÃ.
Ct¸mÄ {Kokn\v AXp kw`hn¨p. amk§Ä ap³]p
Zp_mbn¡pw. 19 hÀjwap³]v C´y¡pw
AXp kw`hn¨p. 1991 BZyw hntZi\mWytiJcw Xosc¡pdhmbt¸mÄ
C´y ASnb´cklmbw tNmZn¨ kab¯v sFFwF^v \nÀt±in¨Xv
C´ybpsS kzÀWw _m¦v Hm^v Cw¥WvSnÂ
]Wbw hbv¡m\mWv. C´y sFFwF^v \nba{]ImcapÅ dnkÀhv
cmPyambncp¶n«p IqSn kzÀWw C´ybnÂ
kq£n¡m³ A\phZn¨nÃ.
A¶v C´y \mWw sI«p. ]n¶oSv tUm. a³taml³
knwKnsâ ]cnjvImc§fneqsS ]WapWvSm¡nb C´y
kzÀWw XncnsI sImWvSph¶p. F¶pam{XaÃ,
Ignª hÀjw sFFwF^v kzÀWw hnät¸mÄ
AXn 203 S¬hm§m³ C´ybv¡p IgnhpWvSmbn.
At¸mÄ Imcyw hyàw. ]WamWv iàn, BtKmf_Ô§fnÂ.
AhnsSbmWv I½nbpw IShpw Bi¦ hfÀ¯p¶Xv.
h³iànIÄ KpcpXc [\Imcy Ipg¸¯nemIpt¼mÄ,
h³iànIÄ AÃmXmIp¶psh¶v CubnsS
]dªXv Ae³ {Ko³kv]m³. Atacn¡³
s^Ud dnkÀhnsâ ap³ sNbÀam³.
ISw Ibdnbm cmPy§fpsS Icp¯v tNmÀ¶p
t]mIpsa¶ Imcyw tdmam km{amPy¯nsâ A[x]X\Ncn{XsagpXnb
FtUzÀUv Knº¬ apX FÃm Ncn{XImc·mcpw
]dªn«pWvSv. ]t£ h³iànIÄ
AXp sNhns¡mÅmdnÃ.
A§s\bmWv 16þmw \qämWvSnse henb iànbmbncp¶
kvs]bn³ XIÀ¶Xv. 1557 \pw 1696 \panSbv¡v
14 XhW kvs]bn³ ISw Xncn¨Shv apS¡n. kvs]bn\nsâ
\mhnI¸Ssb t]mäm³ HSphn ]WanÃmXmbn.
hn¹h¯n\p sXm«p ap³]pÅ {^©v `cWIqS§fpw
ISs¡Wnbnembncp¶p. hn¹h¯nsâ Xte hÀjw
(1788 Â) {^©v Khs×ânsâ hcpam\¯nsâ
52 iXam\hpw IS¯nsâ ]enibpw KUphpw sImSp¡m\mbn
sNehm¡n. 17 Dw 18 Dw \qämWvSpIfnse h³iànbpsS
XIÀ¨ B IS_m[yXbnembncp¶p.
19þmw \qämWvSn Hmt«mam³ km{amPyw
(XpÀ¡n) XIÀ¨bnte¡p Iq¸p
Ip¯nbXv IS`mcw sImWvSmWv. 1816 Â _Pänsâ
15 iXam\w IS¯nsâ KUphpw ]enibpambn thWvSnbncp¶Xv
1875 Â 50 iXam\ambn.
]s¯m³]Xmw \qämWvSns\ AS¡nhmW Ccp]Xmw
\qämWvSnsâ BZyZiI§fnepw h³iànbmbncp¶
{_n«\pw CtX hgnbmWv XIÀ¨bv¡p sXcsªSp¯Xv.
H¶pw cWvSpw temIbp²§Ä¡nSbnepÅ
hÀj§fn _Pänsâ 44 iXam\w ]enibv¡p
am{Xambn sNehmt¡WvS \nebnembncp¶p {_n«³.
AXnsâ ^ew? \mkn PÀ½\nsb t\cnSm³ X¡
ssk\nI _ew DWvSm¡m³ {_n«\p km[n¨nÃ.
I½n IqSnbmepw Hcp {]iv\hpanà F¶ hmZapWvSvþ
tIcf¯nsâ [\Imcya{´n tUm. tXmakv sFk¡ns\t¸msebpÅhÀ.
Zp_mbn apXÂ Atacn¡ hscbpÅ cmPy§fpsS A\p`hw
At±lw IW¡m¡p¶nÃ. |
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Chief
Editor : Fr. Augustine Peedikamalayil
Managing Editor : Fr. Joseph Thadathil
Palai, Kottayam, Kerala, . 686575.
Ph : 04822 . 212842, Fax : 04822 . 212842
Email :editor@deepanalam.com
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